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    Refractory thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in a 16-year-old girl: successful treatment with bortezomib

    发布于:2014年3月2日    文字:【】【】【

    Eur J Haematol. 2014 Jan;92(1):80-2. doi: 10.1111/ejh.12206. Epub 2013 Oct 24.

    Refractory thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in a 16-year-old girl: successful treatment with bortezomib.

    van Balen T1, Schreuder MF, de Jong H, van de Kar NC.

    We present a case of a 16-year-old girl with autoimmune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), refractory to plasma exchange and high-dose prednisone. Despite the additional treatment with rituximab, she developed renal and neurological complications with ongoing hemolysis and thrombocytopenia. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor and thereby blocking plasma cells, was added, and our patient recovered. We suggest that bortezomib can be of additional value in severe immunologically mediated TTP in adolescents. Its use may prevent the necessity of other invasive therapies, such as splenectomy, with significant side effects.

    血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(TTP90%是由于产生抗ADAMTS-13自身抗体,多数患者血浆置换和糖皮质激素治疗有效,少数难治、复发患者需加用CD20单抗、环磷酰胺或脾切除,但有极少数患者上述治疗效果差。

    本文报道了一例16岁女孩在呼吸道感染后出现出血倾向,进一步检查发现血小板减少、溶血性贫血,肾功能正常,H因子、I因子、MCPC3基因检测正常,抗H因子抗体(-),ADAMTS-13活性<1%,抗ADAMTS-13抗体(+),患者诊断为获得性TTP;予每日血浆置换+泼尼松(1.5mg/kg/d),临床和实验室指标无明显好转,遂予rituximab375mg/m2)×4周,但仍持续严重溶血性贫血和血小板减少,抗ADAMTS-13抗体持续高低度,并出现肾功能恶化、高血压和神经系统表现;考虑脾切除手术风险高,因生育问题未使用环磷酰胺,遂在第25天开始万珂(bortezomib1.3mg/m2,一周2次,共4次;在第27天,患者血液系统指标开始稳定;第37天,在血小板正常3天后停止血浆置换,泼尼松逐渐减量,ADAMTS-13活性逐渐上升,抗ADAMTS-13抗体转阴;之后神经系统症状和肾功能逐渐好转。

    万珂(bortezomib)为一种蛋白酶体抑制剂,主要用于治疗多发性骨髓瘤;在TTP中使用万珂可清除残存的自身免疫性B细胞和浆细胞,从而进一步阻断自身抗体的生成;同时万珂可引起树突状细胞成熟障碍,从而CD4+T细胞活化减少。在CD20单抗清除B细胞后病情仍不能控制情况下,使用万珂清除浆细胞成为一比较好的治疗方向,此患者在使用万珂后确实获得较好疗效。

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24118335